Knowledge Encyclopedia of Blow Molding Machine
1 .What is bottle blow molding machine
Bottle blowing machine is a machine for blowing bottles. The most obvious explanation is a machine that can blow plastic particles (softened into liquid) or blow preforms into bottles through a certain process. The blow molding machine is a device for making plastic particles into hollow containers through a blow molding process. The current common models include the one-step hollow extrusion blower using PP and PE, and the two-step using PET, PC or PP the injection stretch blow molding machine, and the newly developed multi-layer hollow extrusion blow molding and stretch blow molding.
2. Types of blow molding machines
Bottle blowing machines are mainly divided into three categories: extrusion blow molding machines, injection blow molding machines and special structure blow molding machines. The processing technology is mainly divided into one-step method and two-step method. At present, most blow molding machines are still two-step blow molding machines, that is, plastic raw materials must be made into preforms before blowing. Nowadays, commonly used environmentally friendly plastics made of PET. Blow molding machine: After the liquid plastic is sprayed out, the plastic body is blown to the mold cavity of a certain shape by using the wind force blown by the machine to make a product. This machine is called a blow molding machine. It is also a kind of bottle blowing machine, namely hydraulic bottle blowing machine. One-step and two-step blow molding machine molding process, mainly used for PET and BOPP hollow container molding. Both have their own characteristics and are widely used. In comparison, the two-step method is more suitable for centralized production of preforms and dispersed blown bottles; and the one-step method is more suitable for online production of beverage companies. The difference between the automatic blow molding machine and the semi-automatic blow molding machine is not much different in quality, but the bottles blown by the automatic machine will be slightly better than the semi-automatic bottle, mainly due to the temperature control and timely analysis of the program, fast movement and other factors. Fully automatic blow molding machine: high price, high output, labor saving, and need better technical personnel to maintain. Fully automatic with high efficiency, the quality is generally stable because there is no operator's influence. Semi-automatic bottle blowing machine: small investment, easy operation, simple maintenance, low output, and high operation intensity of employees. There is no difference in the quality of the bottles that are blown out. The difference is the operation process. There are more semi-automatic ones, which need people to watch.
3.The difference between bottle blowing machine and extrusion blowing machine
Explain in a broad sense that the extrusion blowing machine is also a kind of bottle blowing machine! Fully automatic blow molding machines include extrusion blowingmachines, hollow molding machines, injection blow molding machines, and the two-step blow molding machines that are used more often now! Simply speaking, it is a machine, and carefully it is a machine for producing hollow containers. There are generally two types of pneumatic blow molding machines and hydraulic blow molding machines. Pneumatic production is generally less than 10L, and hydraulic pressure is generally considered to be more than 10L. High consumption. Bottle blowing machine: It is a machine for blowing bottles. The most obvious explanation is a machine that can blow plastic particles or preforms made into bottles through a certain process. At present, most blow molding machines are still two-step blow molding machines, that is, plastic raw materials must be made into preforms before blowing. Nowadays, commonly used environmentally friendly plastics made of PET. Blow molding machine: After the liquid plastic is sprayed out, the plastic body is blown to the mold cavity of a certain shape by using the wind force blown by the machine to make a product. This machine is called a blow molding machine. It is also a type of bottle blowing machine. The difference between blow molding and blow molding process Blow molding process: blow molding is used for making pipes (when the wall is very thin, it is film), which is characterized by continuous production and belongs to the extrusion process. Bottle blowing process: It is specially used to make bottles. The tubular blank is squeezed or injected into the mold, which is inflated. The tube wall is attached to the mold into a bottle shape.
4.Working principle of bottle blowing machine
1. Preheat the preform through an infrared high temperature lamp to heat and soften the bad part of the preform. In order to maintain the shape of the bottle mouth, the preform mouth does not need to be heated. Therefore, a certain cooling device is needed to cool it.
2. Blow molding At this stage, the preheated preforms are placed in the blow molds that have been preformed, and high-pressure inflation is performed in them. Blow the preform into the desired bottle. The automatic blow molding machine completes the two operations of blowing the bottle through the operation of the manipulator, eliminating the process of manually putting the preheated preform into the blow mold in the middle. Greatly speed up the production rate.
5.Optional blow molding machine
1. Output: According to its own production output requirements, choose a machine with two parameters and one out of four parameters.
2. Whether it is hot filling: for hot filling of beverages, the bottle blowing machine needs a heat-resistant bottle blowing machine. This machine has special treatment for bottles to prevent deformation during the filling process.
3. Price: Although the price is important, but firmly believe that one, one cent for each price.
4. After-sales service: The running machine will inevitably have some conditions, good service, and strong follow-up parts update ability.
5. Air source: All bottle blowing machines need to be used with air source, because they are all pneumatic devices. Air compressor and bottle blowing machine, the combination of the two is very important, to meet each other, to save insufficient air pressure, or excessive waste of resources can not achieve the maximum energy efficiency ratio, cost savings.
6. Strictly check the quality issues and check the safety and technical performance of the product. This is the most important step in the purchase process.
7. When choosing a bottle blowing machine, you must carefully check the relevant technical documents, such as instructions for use, operating instructions, certificate of conformity, packing list, software operating instructions, etc., to carry out standardized operations according to the instructions.
8. Understand the quality management level of production enterprises. For manufacturers who have passed ISO9000 quality management system certification and safety certification, their product performance and technology are trustworthy.
6.Blow molding machine installation
1. The layout of the machine The layout of the machine in the plant should meet the convenience of changing the mold and maintaining. Generally leave 1 to 1.5 meters of space around it, and there should be a distance of about 2 meters between the two machines.
2. Requirements for installation foundation In order to avoid vibration during work, the machine should be placed on the cement foundation. The foundation thickness ≥459mm, the concrete mark is not less than 200 #, and the horizontal error of the foundation is 1/1000. The exposed part of the pit in the foundation should be prepared with a suitable cover plate (installed in the tunnel pipeline) to prevent accidents. The load capacity of the installed foundation is not less than 8MPa. 3. Installation sequence installation is divided into fixed installation and mobile installation.
3.1. Fixed installation is to transport the machine to the foundation slab, install anchor bolts, initially adjust the level, then pour concrete into the anchor bolt holes, and then fine-tune the level after the concrete is solidified. It can also be fixed directly on the foundation slab with expansion bolts. The tilt angle of the machine is not more than 3 °
3.2. The method of fine adjustment is to use a level to measure on the upper plane of the lock template and the dovetail slot of the pen holder. After the horizontal and vertical adjustments are made, tighten the anchor screws evenly.
3.3. Mobility installation can move equipment at any time. Just place the anti-vibration pad (standard size, but not Leshan standard accessories) in the empty position of the anchor bolt, use a horizontal ruler on the upper edge of the template, correct the level, adjust the anti-vibration pad, and then tighten the nut. The tilt angle of the machine is not more than 3 °. Precautions for Lifting the Blow Molding Machine When lifting or displacing the blow molding machine, all steel cables must not be directly tied to the paint surface or other processed surfaces of the machine, nor can the steel cable clamp be squeezed on the pipeline or wire tube to avoid scratches Damage the device. Instead, lift through the lifting position on the machine, and check the lifting capacity of the wire rope before lifting. When lifting or shifting, the inclination of each part of the machine must not exceed 15 degrees.
7.How to use bottle blowing machine
The use of mineral water bottle blowing machine Note that the mineral water bottle blowing machine is mainly used to blow mineral water bottles. It can blow plastic particles or preformed bottle preforms into bottles through certain technical means for people in life. The use of plastic bottles of various shapes brings convenience. The blow molding machine mainly uses oil-free airbag clamping technology to operate. Not only the clamping force is large, but also the toggle operation has less stress and long life. When people are in how to operate the bottle blowing machine to make it easier and more convenient to use and extend the service life of the bottle blowing machine?
1. When people use the bottle blowing machine, they should carefully check the power supply, control system and heating system of the bottle blowing machine. Whether they are in a normal state, and for the parts that need to add lubricating oil, an appropriate amount of lubricating oil needs to be added to ensure the normal use and operation of the equipment.
2. When using the blow molding machine, the mold should be accurately installed on the blow molding machine. Check carefully whether the button is in the correct position, and also need to start, debug or run according to the specified requirements. The machine equipment is running and working under normal conditions.
The specific operation steps of the automatic blow molding machine :
1. When operating the blow molding machine, the preform should first be placed in the preform container, and then in the machine, the conveying device will automatically enter the automatic positioning device according to the preform , And then put the preform mouth upward, load it onto the preform holder and send it into the drying tunnel.
2. After heating, the preform will be sent to the blowing and pulling platform for mold clamping. After low-pressure and high-pressure blowing and pulling, the gas is removed, and finally the mold is opened, and people can go from the platform of the automatic blowing machine. Take the shaped bottle off.
8.Maintenance of bottle blowing machine equipment
Twelve common faults and troubleshooting methods of bottle blowing machine
Fault 1: Poor transparency of PET bottles
The reason:
1. The heating temperature is too high
2. The heating time is too long
3. Compressed air contains moisture
4. The injection preform itself is opaque
5. Unsuitable preform design
6. The proportion of inflation is too small
Elimination method:
1. Cool down
2. Shorten the heating time
3. Use a dryer to remove water
4. Improve the quality of preform, choose materials and increase the dryness of raw materials
5. Improve the design of preform size
6. Reduce the diameter of the preform
Fault 2: Pearl gloss appears in PET bottles
The reason:
1. The heating temperature is too low
2. Uneven wall thickness
3. The thickness of the preform is too thick, insufficient heating and penetration
Elimination method:
1. Warm up or slow down the revolution speed
2. Improve preform quality
3. Reduce the thickness of the preform, or try to raise the outer cover of the heating device to increase the temperature distribution of the surface layer
Fault 3:PET bottle bottom nozzle position offset
The reason:
1. Start blowing too early
2. The stretching rod does not go down to the end
3. The stretching rod is offset from the center line of the bottle axis
4. Uneven wall thickness or uneven injection density
5. Uneven heating
Elimination method:
1. Delay the blowing time or increase the descending speed of the stretching rod
2. Adjust the position of the magnetic switch
3. Adjust the position of the stretch rod
4. Improve the quality of preform
5. Improve heating conditions or check whether there is any problem with preform rotation
Fault 4: Uneven wall thickness of PET bottles
The reason:
1. The position of the stretch rod is not in the center of the preform
2. The blow holes are asymmetrical and have different apertures
3. The stretch ratio is too low or the inflation ratio is too small
4. The preform does not rotate in the heating furnace
5. Uneven wall thickness or uneven injection density
Elimination method:
1. Adjust the position of the stretch rod
2. Adjust the position and diameter of the blow hole
3. Increase the stretching ratio or inflation ratio
4. Check the rotation device
5. Improve preform quality
Fault 5: The upper part of the bottle is too thick
The reason:
1. The upper temperature is too low
2. The position of the mold vent is too far from the upper part
3. The stretch ratio is too low
4. The inflation ratio of the upper part of the bottle is too low
5. The stretching rod speed is too slow
Elimination method:
1. Upper heating
2. Adjust the position of the vent
3. Increase the stretching ratio
4. Change the shape of the bottle
5. Adjust the stretching rod speed
Fault 6: The bottom of the bottle is too thin
The reason:
1. Start blowing too early
2. The temperature at the bottom is too high
3. The bottom of the preform is too thin
Elimination method:
1. Delay the start of blowing time
2. Lower the bottom temperature
3. Increase the thickness of the preform bottom
Fault 7: Bottle closing line is obvious
The reason:
1. The mold clamping pressure is not enough
2. The sealing time is too early
3. Mold problems
4. The size of the mouth of the preform does not match the mold
Elimination method:
1. Increase the clamping pressure and adjust the angle of the clamping stay (<5 degrees)
2. The position of the rear-moving clamping switch
3. Repair the mold or check the mold assembly position, such as whether the guide post is loose or the mold is not compressed
4. Repairing the fitting position of the mold mouth
Fault 8: Bottle bottom or bottleneck rolled up and accumulated material
The reason:
1. Delayed blowing time is too long
2. One roll, one good
3. The temperature at the accumulation place is too low
4. Air pressure for operation is unstable, which affects the descending speed of the stretching rod
Elimination method:
1. Shorten the delayed blowing time or reduce the descending speed of the stretch rod
2. Decrease the volume of air on the side of the roll bottle
3. Increase the heating temperature of the preform
4. Add gas storage tank to the action gas source, or shorten the gas supply pipeline
Fault 9: Stretching and perforating the bottom of the bottle
The reason:
1. The temperature is not enough, not penetrated
2. Delayed stretching time is too long
3. The draw ratio is too large
4. The bottom of the preform is too thin
5. The stretch head is too sharp
Elimination method:
1. Heating
2. Shorten the delay stretching time
3. Reduce the draw ratio
4. Improve the bottom design of the preform
5. Round head
Fault 10: Bottle bottom blasting
The reason:
1. Delayed blowing time is too short
2. Delayed mold opening time is too short
3. The temperature is too high
4. The exhaust valve does not work
Elimination method:
1. Lengthen the delayed blowing time or increase the descending speed of the stretch rod
2. Longer delay mold opening time
3. Cool down
4. Clean the exhaust valve with gasoline
Fault 11: The bottom of the bottle is not full
The reason:
1. The temperature at the bottom of the bottle is too high
2. Insufficient or uneven vent holes at the bottom of the mold bottle
3. The stretch rod is not at the bottom
4. The design of the stretch head does not conform to the shape of the bottom of the preform
5. Insufficient blowing pressure
6. Insufficient flow of the blow valve
7. Poor design of bottom curve
Elimination method:
1. Lower the temperature at the bottom of the heating zone or use a damp cloth to lower the temperature at the bottom
2. Increase the number of exhaust holes and make them evenly distributed
3. Adjust the stretch rod to the bottom of the bottle
4. Replace the stretch head
5. Increase the blowing pressure
6. Clean the blow valve with gasoline
7. Increase the streamline design of the bottom of the bottle
Fault 12:
The reason:
1. If the tooth is in a certain position relative to the preform, it is the cause of uneven thickness of thepreform
2. If the relative mold clamping line is in a specific orientation, it is a mold exhaust problem
3. Uneven heating of the preform
4. Poor design of the bottom of the mold
Elimination method:
1. Improve the design of preform thickness
2. Improve the vent at the bottom of the mold
3. Improve heating conditions
4. Improve bottom design